https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/inds.entry.html/2019/12/18/the_long_and_shorto-3LBg.htmlThere is much debate on who invented radar. One of the very first contenders for the position of the world’s oldest radar was the “telemobiloscope,” created by German inventor Christian Hülsmeyer and patented in 1904 (Figure 1). Apparently, Herr Hüls19 Dec 2019 06:43:26https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/keys/kcsr.entry.html/2019/12/15/investing_in_thefut-0b2t.htmlAt Keysight, we believe that our business and Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG) goals are synergistic. We’re committed to building a better world through our solutions and services, and through ethical, responsible and sustainable operations18 Dec 2019 09:08:45https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/inds.entry.html/2019/12/13/new_threats_lurkin-9RmQ.htmlOver the last decade or so, major changes swept through the warfare environment. While more traditional weapons and combat tactics are still used, a greater danger was revealed: the rise of new actors and threats in the electromagnetic (EM) spectrum.14 Dec 2019 02:13:44https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/tech/rfmw.entry.html/2019/12/13/how_a_school_in_ital-f4eo.htmlSeveral of Keysight’s U.S. offices are located in Colorado — known for its dramatic mountain landscapes and, of course, its ski resorts.  Backcountry skiing and snowboarding entails doing those exact sports but outside of resort boundaries. Some peop13 Dec 2019 11:11:51https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/inds.entry.html/2019/12/12/what_is_chord_signal-VbmK.htmlDriven by 5G technology, data-intensive applications such as virtual reality (VR), artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning (ML), Internet of Things (IoT), and the roll-out of autonomous vehicles will create a surge in computing, storage, and p12 Dec 2019 09:08:16https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/tech/bench.entry.html/2019/12/10/automate_your_dmmme-zvzm.htmlDreading the need to write test programs to automate testing of your new prototype units? Have unfinished product simulations, hardware designs, and plenty of incomplete data analysis work? No worries! Did you know that Keysight Technologies has a so11 Dec 2019 11:00:00https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/keys/kcsr.entry.html/2019/12/10/transitioning_newem-BZLW.htmlAt Keysight, community engagement has been part of our DNA for 80 years of our existence. As a growth company, with next generation technologists, high value experienced employees as well as employees from acquisitions joining the company’s culture r10 Dec 2019 10:02:26https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/tech/rfmw.entry.html/2019/12/04/using_de-embeddingt-4TnD.htmlWhen a signal generator outputs a modulated signal, the components inside the signal generator and an external test network comprised of mixers, filters, and cables, contribute frequency responses that degrade modulation quality. These responses occu04 Dec 2019 08:03:43https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/tech/rfmw.entry.html/2019/12/03/3_tactics_for_genera-5mh2.htmlStrong demand for faster data rate applications has triggered the need for new technologies capable of wide signal bandwidth. Cellular communication is transitioning from 4G to 5G to enable extreme data throughputs; satellite communication providers 04 Dec 2019 06:28:08https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/inds.entry.html/2019/12/03/what_is_fec_-o20a.htmlData center operators have begun migrating their networks to 400 gigabit Ethernet (GE), and research and development into 800G and terabit speeds is under way. Faster throughput is no longer just a matter of increasing network speed. New breakthrough03 Dec 2019 04:00:06https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/inds.entry.html/2019/11/30/tis_the_season_fori-zqBg.htmlWhen you think of an interferer affecting your WiFi or other communications system, the first thing that probably comes to mind is a communications device. Yet many non-communication sources of interference also exist. Light-emitting diodes (LEDs), f01 Dec 2019 02:25:15https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/inds.entry.html/2019/11/29/satellite_companies-94Bm.htmlTake a peek into satellite market forecasts and you’ll see the same figure cited by multiple sources: $300 billion, set to double in five years. Some forecasts cite even higher amounts, but the previous prediction seems to have achieved the widest ag29 Nov 2019 11:54:14https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/tech/rfmw.entry.html/2019/11/26/why_rtsa_is_the_best-IgDI.htmlInterference is an inherent side effect of new technology deployments using wireless communications. In a society that is moving (quickly) toward all-wireless technology, it is pertinent to detect, troubleshoot, and mitigate interference for success.26 Nov 2019 08:01:18https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/keys/kcsr.entry.html/2019/11/19/a_silver_lining_ina-aUtu.htmlLast month, Northern California experienced unprecedented community distress when faced with the fast-moving Kincade wildfire near populated areas, coupled with widespread power outages. Impacting hundreds of thousands of Sonoma County area residents20 Nov 2019 05:02:06https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/tech.entry.html/2019/11/19/new_400g_poster_-ge-MMlz.htmlElectrical, optical standards and implementation agreements for the 400Gb/s data speed class have been developed for more than 2 years now. We support you on the way to market with 400G and provide a clearer view on the possibilities and their techni19 Nov 2019 03:26:08https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/tech/bench.entry.html/2019/11/07/is_jitter_good_orba-cIu3.htmlIntroduction High-speed data throughput is important in digital communications, and these high-bandwidth electronics require high-frequency clock signals. For the system to function correctly, the signal timing must be accurate. This means that the s13 Nov 2019 02:33:00https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/inds.entry.html/2019/10/31/test_your_aerospace-dnuy.htmlThe aerospace defense industry has continued to grow more dynamic and complex. From cost and time pressure to configurability and flexibility, today’s systems are increasingly breaking the legacy mold by using new approaches. While some areas appear 01 Nov 2019 02:53:29https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/inds.entry.html/2019/10/31/the_changing_faceof-rxKX.htmlElectronic warfare typically is defined as any type of manipulation of the electromagnetic (EM) spectrum. Thus, EW technologies range from radar and navigation to military communications. While the goal of EW remains to secure one’s own forces, near-31 Oct 2019 09:36:05https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/tech.entry.html/2019/10/29/a_guide_to_signalin-iLNB.htmlWhile data speeds are reaching 400Gbps and beyond, many signal integrity issues are becoming an enormous challenge. Just to name a few: crosstalk, mode conversion, eye closure, insertion loss, and multiple reflections inside the copper channel on bac29 Oct 2019 05:16:54https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/tech/bench.entry.html/2019/10/29/generate_iq_signals-HR5v.html        Introduction IQ signals are a form of modulated waveform that are used with many existing communication technologies today. IQ signals are used in mobile phones, radars, lasers, Wi-Fi networks, modems, navigation systems (GPS), RFID tags, and29 Oct 2019 07:30:00https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/tech/bench.entry.html/2019/10/28/five_good_reasonsto-yzHR.htmlIn my previous blog on How to Make Accurate Measurements with DMM’s Autocalibration Function, I have already described the workings of the autocalibration (ACAL) function in the Keysight’s 34465A Truevolt digital multimeter (DMM). I have also given t28 Oct 2019 07:00:00https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/keys/kcsr.entry.html/2019/10/24/engaging_employeest-Sn15.htmlEvery now and then I get a call from a company that specializes in engaging employees in volunteerism. The pitches are typically framed around how their services help motivate employees to want to volunteer in their local communities, why companies s24 Oct 2019 05:53:27https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/tech/rfmw.entry.html/2019/10/23/the_four_ws_of_noise-UpR8.htmlModern receiving systems must often process very weak signals, but the noise added by system components tends to obscure those very weak signals. Sensitivity, bit error ratio (BER), and most importantly, our topic for today, noise figure are system p23 Oct 2019 10:30:00https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/inds.entry.html/2019/10/23/i_spy_with_my_little-afGT.htmlSignal integrity addresses two key aspects of high-speed digital design: signal timing and quality. Signal integrity analysis ensures that signals reach their destination in good condition. For example, a system with good signal integrity has data th23 Oct 2019 04:56:46https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/tech.entry.html/2019/10/22/reaching_for_110ghz-mRIQ.htmlAt higher baud rates of 100 GBaud and beyond in NRZ, PAM and coherent formats, high-bandwidth S-parameter testing for magnitude and phase becomes extremely important. Until now, in the industry full S-Parameter measurement up to 110 GHz bandwidth onl22 Oct 2019 02:35:06https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/tech/bench.entry.html/2019/10/21/new_resistance_calib-tH15.htmlIn my previous posting “Keysight Solutions for Measuring Self-Discharge of Lithium Ion Cells Achieves Revolutionary Reduction in Test Time”, I introduced the two main methods of measuring self-discharge of lithium Ion cells, the traditional open circ21 Oct 2019 09:21:13https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/keys/kcsr.entry.html/2019/10/10/keysight_s_iot_innov-0egH.htmlWe have transformed the world with our ideas for millennia, from the invention of the wheel to Archimedes’ screw, through to the steam engine and the Internet. These innovations have brought prosperity, health, and knowledge to our societies. But rap19 Oct 2019 06:52:30https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/tech/bench.entry.html/2019/10/16/how_to_test_switchm-0XqW.htmlIf you are working with switch mode power supplies, you are likely trying to improve efficiency, increase power density and reliability, comply with EMC regulations, improve power rail integrity, and decrease thermals. This is a lot to think about, a17 Oct 2019 04:00:00https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/tech/rfmw.entry.html/2019/10/16/how_to_characterize-TCm1.htmlIn previous posts, I discussed how to examine the distortion impacts through statistical analysis of the signal power levels with the CCDF curves and power analysis in the frequency domain. In this post, I’ll discuss demodulation analysis that can he17 Oct 2019 04:07:34https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/tech/bench.entry.html/2019/10/10/multifunction_contro-qnWy.htmlWhat are multifunction controls in a bench DAQ? Most engineers who have used DAQ knows the many benefits and versatility of a bench data acquisition (DAQ) system. A DAQ has data logging capability that can measure and monitor temperature, voltage, cu12 Oct 2019 01:19:00https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/inds.entry.html/2019/09/29/to_5g_and_beyondh-ah6A.htmlWith the first 5G network deployments taking place this year, we are on the cusp of the next generation of high-speed mobile connectivity. This drives advanced new consumer applications as the first commercial 5G handsets come to market, and it also 10 Oct 2019 05:46:44https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/tech/rfmw.entry.html/2019/10/08/how_to_characterize-CknU.htmlIn an earlier post, “How to Characterize RF Distortion – Part 1: CCDF Measurements,” I discussed how to evaluate waveform designs and statistical analysis of the signal power levels with complementary cumulative distribution function (CCDF) power cur09 Oct 2019 01:51:04https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/tech/bench.entry.html/2019/10/08/keysight_solutionsf-TXn0.htmlIdeally lithium Ion (Li-Ion) cells would be able to hold their electrical charge without any loss for all time. However, in the real world all Li-Ion cells have some amount of self-discharge. Self-discharge is the loss of charge over time while the c08 Oct 2019 05:56:02https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/tech/rfmw.entry.html/2019/10/04/the_abcs_of_analogd-mkFg.htmlIf you’re an RF engineer, you’ll know that demodulation is the process of extracting the original information-bearing signal that was imposed on a carrier wave. But, why would you want to impose a signal on a carrier wave, or rather modulate an analo04 Oct 2019 11:02:05https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/inds.entry.html/2019/09/30/5g_raises_spectrumc-he2n.htmlThe launch of fifth-generation (5G) cellular networks brings to mind the seemingly distant past—the rollout of fourth-generation (4G) Long Term Evolution (LTE) networks. LTE was the last major leap in cellular evolution, enabling much higher data rat30 Sep 2019 08:26:14https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/inds.entry.html/2019/09/30/overcoming_5g_nrmmw-4xyP.htmlMany factors impact signal quality including baseband signal processing, modulation, filtering, and up conversion. Common signal impairments become more problematic at higher frequencies or with wider bandwidths. With wider channel bandwidths at mill30 Sep 2019 03:24:53https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/tech/bench.entry.html/2019/09/25/how_to_evaluate_osci-qJE5.htmlAll oscilloscopes exhibit one undesirable characteristic: vertical noise in the scope’s analog front-end and digitizing process. Measurement system noise will degrade your actual signal measurement accuracy, especially when you are measuring low-leve30 Sep 2019 03:00:00https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/inds.entry.html/2019/09/29/interference_tipsfo-1C9i.htmlToday’s crowded spectrum is rife with interferers ranging from harmless to threatening. These intentional or accidental signals can wreak havoc on a wireless system, creating issues such as noise in the channel or even loss of service. Hard to predic30 Sep 2019 01:32:38https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/inds.entry.html/2019/09/27/boosting_throughput-4GwE.htmlMobile network operators (MNOs) around the world have set aggressive targets for 5G mobile network deployments — eager to deliver new services to consumers. Operators must deploy 5G networks and need 5G devices to capture 5G market opportunities. Man27 Sep 2019 10:41:03https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/tech/bench.entry.html/2019/09/25/using_an_oscilloscop-tokD.htmlThe quality of automotive serial bus designs becomes crucial as cars get smarter and further integrated. There are more systems and subsystems in your vehicle’s designs requiring multiple serial buses, more hardware, and very thorough testing. And wh25 Sep 2019 08:18:29https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/inds.entry.html/2019/09/24/relief_from_the_wors-CQOk.htmlThe move from NRZ-based 100G interfaces to PAM4-based 400GE interfaces is revolutionary, rather than evolutionary: New technologies such as linear broadband amplifiers and drivers as well as adaptive digital equalizers have become a mandatory part of24 Sep 2019 07:30:00https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/tech/rfmw.entry.html/2019/09/22/how_to_characterize-21o2.htmlIn today’s wireless systems, frequency spectrum is a finite resource. Complex digital modulation schemes improve spectral efficiency, but they also cause distortions. Characterizing RF devices involves testing unwanted and nonlinear distortion that d23 Sep 2019 05:27:47https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/tech/bench.entry.html/2019/09/13/what_is_a_pv_simulat-YLkI.htmlHello everyone, This is the first in what will be a series of blog posts on photovoltaic (PV) simulators, also known as solar array simulators (SAS).  In this introductory blog post, the topics covered will be: Why you would choose a PV Simulator for19 Sep 2019 09:40:29https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/keys/kcsr.entry.html/2019/09/17/walking_the_talk---zYhE.htmlMuch is said about corporate-sponsored volunteerism programs being good for communities, employees and companies. However, one of the more overlooked beneficiaries in the employee segment are company executives and senior leaders -- CEOs, Presidents,17 Sep 2019 04:48:11https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/tech/rfmw.entry.html/2019/09/11/avoid_the_pitfallsa-yGbZ.htmlThe demand for ubiquitous wireless communications challenges the physical limitations of current wireless communications systems. When IoT systems operate in a crowded wireless environment on the same shared spectrum, interference between the systems12 Sep 2019 02:10:51https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/keys/culture.entry.html/2019/09/09/keysight_a_greatpl-uLIQ.htmlWe’ve done it again: for the second consecutive year, Keysight Technologies has been officially certified as a Great Place to Work by the leading global authority on high trust, high-performance workplace cultures. Great Places to Work® surveyed hund10 Sep 2019 02:56:46https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/tech/rfmw.entry.html/2019/09/05/spurious_emissionsa-L5gK.htmlVarious combinations of signals in a transmitter and receiver can cause spurious signals. Spurious responses may be a spur from a LO, a harmonic of a power supply, distortion products, or a harmonic of the system clock. They impact not only its recei06 Sep 2019 03:49:05https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/tech/bench.entry.html/2019/09/05/advanced_switch_matr-Ikou.htmlTest instruments tend to have limited measurement inputs and can measure one or two devices at a time. High volume manufacturing companies test their products by the hundreds or thousands of units per hour (UPH). How then can test equipment managers 05 Sep 2019 11:07:00https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/tech/bench.entry.html/2019/09/05/advanced_triggering-m8SR.htmlAdvanced Triggering Traditional DMMs gives you essential triggering functions. They typically make measurements right after you configure and execute the measurement using the immediate auto-trigger, perform a single trigger measurement, or trigger f05 Sep 2019 06:25:00https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/keys/kcsr.entry.html/2019/09/03/bringing_stem_educat-ZcQw.htmlExpanding access to STEM education for all students, especially students in underrepresented communities, is an important pillar of Keysight’s Corporate Social Responsibility Program. That is why for 12 years and counting we have been a corporate spo04 Sep 2019 02:22:28https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/inds.entry.html/2019/08/28/off-grid_solar_power-Oh3Y.htmlOur visit to the remote villages of Mindoro a couple of years back brought home their wish to have access to affordable electricity. The island of Mindoro geographically sits smack in the middle of the Pacific "typhoon belt" and natural disasters oft28 Aug 2019 02:06:07https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/tech/rfmw.entry.html/2019/08/25/how_to_configurewir-w6Pz.htmlThe most common wireless receiver test is receiver dynamic range which includes minimum input sensitivity, maximum input level, and channel noise. For different wireless standards, the definition of the receiver’s “dynamic range” test might be differ26 Aug 2019 02:10:46https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/inds.entry.html/2019/08/23/accurately_test_your-Nl8J.htmlAsk any real estate agent about cell towers, and he or she will tell you that they are a real concern to property buyers. Much of the public continues to be nervous about the radiation levels of today’s wireless devices and infrastructure. Regulation24 Aug 2019 04:52:42https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/inds.entry.html/2019/08/23/testing_400g_coheren-M1ve.htmlIn telecommunications and data communications, it is important to optimize coherent optical transmitters for reach, spectral efficiency, and power consumption. Performing common measurements, such as error vector magnitude (EVM), IQ offset, IQ imbala23 Aug 2019 08:03:30https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/inds.entry.html/2019/08/23/use_spectrum_monitor-NBt9.htmlRadio frequency (RF) communications continue to bring many wonderful capabilities to the world. Examples range from advances in healthcare treatment and monitoring to connecting people—especially when it comes to critical communications. Yet RF signa23 Aug 2019 06:29:51https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/tech/bench.entry.html/2019/08/07/industry-specificos-xY7h.htmlIn every industry, it’s important to dig deeper than the basic measurements of an oscilloscope. The latest InfiniiVision oscilloscope industry-specific software options support trigger and decode for Automotive, Aerospace & Defense, Embedded Design, 22 Aug 2019 05:46:08https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/tech/bench.entry.html/2019/08/16/supercharge_yourosc-pBDK.htmlOscilloscope Bandwidth and Its Importance All oscilloscopes have a low-pass frequency response that rolls-off at higher frequencies. The lowest frequency at which your signal is attenuated by 3 dB is considered the oscilloscope’s bandwidth. At this f16 Aug 2019 06:43:21https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/tech/bench.entry.html/2019/08/01/digitizing_measureme-JACj.htmlMultimeters of the past were analog with an analog needle pointing to a measurement scale on a meter dial. Such analog multimeters cannot detect fast changes from your measurement signals. Analog multimeters can only measure a signal at a steady-stat15 Aug 2019 01:03:00https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/keys/kcsr.entry.html/2019/08/13/school_may_be_outb-xEAD.htmlLearning doesn’t stop when school is out for the summer! While the summer months typically mean vacation and play time, many students also use the school break to continue their education, including the areas of science, technology, engineering and m13 Aug 2019 05:44:54https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/inds.entry.html/2019/08/12/accelerating_5g_devi-SKqW.htmlDevice makers are on the brink of capturing the 5G opportunity. Before initiating volume manufacturing and introducing commercial devices to the market, device makers need to certify their new 5G devices according to the 3rd Generation Partnership Pr12 Aug 2019 04:20:24https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/keys/kcsr.entry.html/2019/08/07/my_learnings_as_acs-hVVx.htmlMy time as a summer intern here at Keysight Technologies is coming to a close. As I finish my final report, I have begun reflecting on the projects and experiences I have gained as the Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Intern. Going into my senio08 Aug 2019 02:35:03https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/inds.entry.html/2019/07/24/ddr_5_answers_tot-Ft5C.htmlDDR5 and the special requirements regarding receiver testing raise a lot of questions. A big field here is the possible test fixtures. What will be an adequate channel to connect the tester to your device under test? In this little tutorial video, DD06 Aug 2019 05:00:53https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/tech/bench.entry.html/2019/07/25/how_to_measure_strai-ZqpP.htmlWhat Is a Strain Gauge? Strain gauge sensor measurement is common in mechanical design applications. It measures tensile, compression, and torsional forces. Mechanical designers create appropriate body structure and frames to withstand operating stre01 Aug 2019 04:24:00https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/inds.entry.html/2019/07/31/consumer_electronics-iCIH.htmlToday’s consumers have seemingly everything available to them at the touch of a button, thanks to the Internet. Increased purchases also stem from the public’s growing recognition of the convenience provided by personal wireless devices. Examples inc01 Aug 2019 01:38:56https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/inds.entry.html/2019/07/31/5g_brings_new_twists-sdB5.htmlValidating the core network in the 5G era is much different than in the past. Some of the most important changes are the adoption of a service-based architecture (SBA) and the control and user plane separation (CUPS) of the evolved packet core (EPC) 31 Jul 2019 08:17:29https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/inds.entry.html/2019/07/31/carrier_acceptancet-qqTH.htmlCarrier acceptance test (CAT) is an important phase in the device workflow between conformance and manufacturing. CAT aims to ensure that devices meet user expectations in terms of functionality and performance. 5G devices need to meet the key perfor31 Jul 2019 07:55:03https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/inds.entry.html/2019/07/31/addressing_400g_and-6C97.htmlThe wireline internet network must continue to evolve to keep up with advancements in wireless communications such as 5G. 400G standards, including Ethernet, Fibre Channel, and Common Electrical I/O, are only recently available, and some are still un31 Jul 2019 03:26:10https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/inds.entry.html/2019/07/26/drone_detection_an-X4lv.htmlAirports increasingly face threats, challenges, and complications from drones. In December 2018, drones famously resulted in the shutdown of the United Kingdom’s Gatwick airport. A similar incident occurred in Germany this past May, when a drone sigh26 Jul 2019 05:39:00https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/inds.entry.html/2019/07/22/research_findingsre-Z5vU.htmlEarlier this year, Keysight commissioned Frost & Sullivan to conduct a research study to identify the most pressing challenges for calibrating electronic products. Maintaining the performance of test and measurement functions is a critical factor to 24 Jul 2019 08:59:31https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/keys/kcsr.entry.html/2019/07/18/living_in_a_plastic-K61j.htmlWe live in the dawn of the plastic age. It seems almost impossible to go even a day without using some type of disposable plastic whether it’s the plastic cup your iced coffee is in, the disposable fork you used at lunch or the plastic bag in your re23 Jul 2019 02:42:26https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/tech.entry.html/2019/07/17/how_to_be_a_10x_engi-9WVq.htmlWe all want to be a "10x Engineer" but we don't all want to put in the work. Here some ways you could become the 10x engineer at your company while still getting to sleep at night.  What is a 10x Engineer? For those in the dark, there's a philosophy 19 Jul 2019 05:30:19https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/tech/bench.entry.html/2019/07/19/tektronix_4_seriesv-Z2xV.htmlIt can be difficult to decipher which oscilloscope you need for your bench. With so many seemingly similar, high-quality oscilloscopes available, a side-by-side datasheet comparison can leave you in the same place you started – not sure which scope w19 Jul 2019 02:00:00https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/keys/kcsr.entry.html/2019/07/08/from_unconsciousbia-Oopz.htmlIt is often noted that gender equality and women in technology are not only good for companies, they’re good for broader community prosperity. A McKinsey Global Institute report found that $12 trillion could be added to global GDP by 2025 by advancin15 Jul 2019 02:40:38https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/keys/kcsr.entry.html/2019/07/03/disaster_responsean-w8LW.htmlOn May 12, 2008 a massive earthquake hit the impoverished, rural community of Sichuan, China. With a surface wave magnitude of 8.0, it is now known as the Great Sichuan Earthquake and was felt in Beijing and Shanghai, over 1000 miles away. More than 09 Jul 2019 02:43:52https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/inds.entry.html/2019/07/02/ddr5_receiver_testin-06DZ.htmlWith margins getting tighter, DDR5 is the first generation of DDR with a standardized receiver test. This may cause some insecurities not only about the requirements and definitions that your design must meet, but also on the receiver test setup itse02 Jul 2019 04:11:03https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/inds.entry.html/2019/06/29/detecting_elusivesi-xuPf.htmlIn the communications world, order is kept via the careful assignment of spectrum to different applications and technologies. This approach works to create an optimal environment for all wireless communications systems while placing special emphasis 29 Jun 2019 11:21:54https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/inds.entry.html/2019/06/28/what_s_in_your_spect-Pvxd.htmlToday’s world is brimming with wireless communications signals. Think of all the devices people have in their homes or even on their persons compared to 10 to 20 years ago. Those devices provide greatly increased functionality, such as the ability to28 Jun 2019 09:24:50https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/keys/kcsr.entry.html/2019/06/21/straws_goats_dogs-XLsF.htmlHave you ever talked with primary school students about your profession as part of a Career Day? Such events provide youngsters insight into jobs in their local communities and are meant to inspire future career choices. I recently participated in su24 Jun 2019 05:26:34https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/inds.entry.html/2019/06/18/what_are_the_differe-4fUA.htmlWhen you notice the short period of time elapsed between PCI Express Gen4 and Gen5, you may wonder how many changes in specs have actually occurred. A big step lies in doubling signal speeds from 16 GT/s to 32 GT/s. Rick Eads, a member of the PCI-SIG21 Jun 2019 11:13:31https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/inds.entry.html/2019/06/19/what_is_400zr_-MU71.htmlWhile widely used in long-haul telecommunications networks, coherent optical technology has been cost prohibitive and impractical for use in shorter distances such as data center interconnects (DCI). The Optical Internetworking Forum (OIF) and the In19 Jun 2019 07:28:25https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/tech/bench.entry.html/2019/06/17/oscilloscope_adcbit-eWMN.htmlMany engineers rely on the number of analog-to-digital converter (ADC) bits in an oscilloscope to determine the overall quality of the instrument. However, you must keep in mind that an oscilloscope is made up of much more than an ADC. The truth is t19 Jun 2019 04:00:00https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/keys/culture.entry.html/2019/06/18/keysight_employeean-AUyg.htmlIf you've ever wondered what it takes to compete in a 1.5k swim, followed by a 40k bike, followed by a 10k run—Keysight employee and professional triathlete, Brittany Warly, will tell you it takes "preparation, commitment to the daily process, and a 18 Jun 2019 03:17:56https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/inds.entry.html/2019/06/17/new_keysight_testeq-oNkO.htmlIn recent weeks, Keysight released “The Keysight Test Equipment Report”. The report, based on the results of a survey conducted by Dimensional Research, focused on 306 participants that use test equipment to ensure electronic device quality and testi17 Jun 2019 11:38:36https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/tech/bench.entry.html/2019/06/12/tektronix_3_seriesv-cNbv.htmlWith there being so many high-quality oscilloscopes available today, it’s hard to determine which one is truly the best for your testing. There are important capabilities to consider that can make a world of difference in debugging. When looking for 12 Jun 2019 04:00:00https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/keys/kcsr.entry.html/2019/06/10/vote_for_your_favori-jMcC.htmlWow, just WOW! I am energized by the nearly 200 entries into the Keysight IoT Innovation Challenge. The entries – proposals by university students worldwide for how to use connected device technologies in smart-land and -water applications – delivere11 Jun 2019 01:53:21https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/tech/rfmw.entry.html/2019/06/05/confronting_measurem-4i8S.htmlPrevious posts in this measurement uncertainty series addressed Waveform Discontinuity, Interpolation Shoot, Waveform Sampling Issues, I/Q Impairments, and phase noise. I discussed tactics for minimizing these measurement uncertainties. In this sixth05 Jun 2019 10:51:58https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/inds.entry.html/2019/05/27/why_does_pci_express-uHfr.htmlPCI Express 4.0 has been ratified less than 2 years ago, and Gen 5 is already approaching. Why so fast? Rick Eads, member of the PCI-SIG board of directors, explains the motivation behind PCI Express 5.0 and the main drivers of the development in thi04 Jun 2019 11:50:37https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/inds.entry.html/2019/06/03/keysight_world_ameri-sJnA.htmlWritten by Jacob Bouchard, a graduate student at Worcester Polytechnic Institute working on photonic integrated circuits for chemical sensing, millimeter wave radiation for non-destructive material characterization, and millimeter wave based frequenc03 Jun 2019 05:00:00https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/inds.entry.html/2019/05/31/5g_beamforming_how-JPG6.htmlMultiple input multiple output (MIMO) and beamforming are essential technologies to achieve IMT-2020 vision goals for 5G.  They increase capacity and coverage in a cell to enable 100x faster data rates and 1000x more capacity than 4G. Deployed with m31 May 2019 08:50:57https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/inds.entry.html/2019/05/31/integrated_photonics-RwKE.htmlCloud-based services, video streaming, Internet of Things (IoT) devices, 5G connectivity, and more put a strain on communications networks. Network infrastructure, in particular data center interconnects (DCIs), must evolve and transform to support t31 May 2019 06:51:34https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/inds.entry.html/2019/05/31/acars_and_the_uncert-LVGr.htmlAviation electronics (avionics) must improve performance and capabilities while ensuring lasting use in systems with long lifetimes. The Aircraft Communications Addressing and Reporting System (ACARS), for example, has been in use since 1978. This sy31 May 2019 05:36:33https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/tech/rfmw.entry.html/2019/05/31/the_arrival_of_then-Uguq.htmlAccurate microwave measurements are becoming increasingly necessary in harsh and hard-to-reach environments, in a wide range of conditions: day or night, rain or shine, hot or cold, on ship, in an aircraft, or in a moving vehicle.  When making measur31 May 2019 04:54:59https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/tech/rfmw.entry.html/2019/05/30/confronting_measurem-iUkk.htmlSignal generators produce the signals that you need ranging from simple to complex, and from pure to dirty, to test your design. You use signal generators as a local oscillator (LO), a golden transmitter, or an interference signal to test and charact31 May 2019 02:49:27https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/inds.entry.html/2019/05/24/bridging_radio_commu-YIwe.htmlMilitary communications (MilCom) continuously adopts new technology and techniques to achieve superior performance in varied scenarios. In today’s global conflict zones, troops must communicate with coalition forces. This is both a budget and a techn25 May 2019 01:40:36https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/inds.entry.html/2019/05/24/accelerating_innovat-kWfv.html5G represents significant revenue potential for the entire mobile ecosystem- chipset and component manufacturers, device makers, network equipment manufacturers (NEMs), and mobile network operators (MNOs). 5G is also an exponential increase in techni24 May 2019 09:56:06https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/tech/rfmw.entry.html/2019/05/22/confronting_measurem-Zf7r.htmlIn previous posts, I discussed the source of errors in a baseband generator and strategies for eliminating these errors such as waveform phase discontinuity, interpolation overshoot, and sampling images. In this post, I will discuss an I/Q modulator 23 May 2019 02:47:05https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/inds.entry.html/2019/05/22/silicon_photonicsin-Mpf2.htmlSilicon photonics technology offers a solution to enable significantly higher and more efficient bandwidth transmission within and between data centers. Silicon photonics technology involves creating photonic devices with new optical components on a 22 May 2019 07:38:06https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/keys/kcsr.entry.html/2019/05/22/rightsizing_stemeng-dmFm.htmlThere’s a popular children’s story titled “Goldilocks and the Three Bears” whereby a little girl stumbles upon the home of a family of bear that include a big papa bear, medium-sized momma bear and small baby bear. While there, Goldilocks tests the p22 May 2019 02:00:00https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/tech/rfmw.entry.html/2019/05/15/confronting_measurem-OE95.htmlIn the digital world, a digital electronic system that is designed to process signals does not treat the signals continuously as they are in reality. Instead, the system uses “sample” to indicate the instantaneous value of a signal at a given instant16 May 2019 02:40:43https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/tech/rfmw.entry.html/2019/05/07/confronting_measurem-IBRp.htmlIt is common to find a gap between ideal conditions and reality. When you generate the desired signal, you need to understand that hardware implementation may cause a certain number of errors to the output signal, and minimize these errors in order t07 May 2019 07:35:24https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/tech/rfmw.entry.html/2019/05/02/confronting_measurem-lIQ6.htmlTest equipment characterizes design performance and verifies devices under test function. To be effective, test equipment must outperform the devices under test. Minimizing measurement uncertainty attributed to test equipment requires careful conside02 May 2019 07:16:27https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/inds.entry.html/2019/04/30/mcptt_begins_rollout-w8tT.htmlAnswering a call to enhance the quality and possibilities of critical communications, the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) has added key features toward that end in recent releases. To support both military communications (MilCom) and publ01 May 2019 01:38:20https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/inds.entry.html/2019/04/30/brooklyn_5g_summit2-UQ0m.htmlIn the midst of the 5G mobile network rollout, the mobile communications industry is starting to look beyond 5G (B5G). NYU Wireless, founder and host of the Brooklyn 5G Summit for the past six years, is looking to pave the way for cellular technology30 Apr 2019 07:00:19https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/tech/bench.entry.html/2019/04/25/how_to_determineosc-r4HL.htmlSignal integrity continues to be a hot topic in the electronics world. Today’s designs have shrinking margins and increasing data rates; which means measurements must be more accurate than ever. Every oscilloscope vendor has some sort of pitch around30 Apr 2019 04:00:00https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/keys.entry.html/2019/04/26/get_social_with_keys-UbPp.htmlAre you on social media? Stay up to date with the latest trends by joining Keysight's community. Gain insights quicker and easier than ever before. Whether you are connecting the world or the devices around us, making the world safer and more secure,26 Apr 2019 05:26:43https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/inds.entry.html/2019/04/24/surviving_the_tippin-G6xn.htmlThe world has become more socially conscious about the state of our environmental health, and companies and organizations are quick to embrace and endorse messages that tout clean technology (cleantech) to ride the current hot bandwagons. Much effort24 Apr 2019 02:20:27https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/inds.entry.html/2019/04/18/orchestrate_yoursma-2zkS.htmlBecoming a smart factory is a transition that affects nearly every stage of the manufacturing process. It drives exponential growth of data-driven sensors, increases the use of mobile devices in plant operations, and converges the traditionally separ23 Apr 2019 05:28:00https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/tech/rfmw.entry.html/2019/04/22/convenient_calibrati-BS35.htmlHandheld analyzers, the instrument of choice for engineers conducting RF and microwave tests in the field, offer a lot of conveniences. At the top of the list - access to all of the measurements you need from one portable instrument without compromis22 Apr 2019 06:26:04https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/inds.entry.html/2019/04/22/raising_captainplane-CDQw.htmlSome of you may recall the 1990s American TV cartoon program, “Captain Planet and the Planeteers” where five “planeteers” across the globe use the power vested in their rings to foil villainy and summon Earth’s ultimate superhero — Captain Planet him22 Apr 2019 08:00:54https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/keys/kcsr.entry.html/2019/04/08/celebrating_earthda-CmVo.htmlI pause on Earth Day to celebrate the natural resources the world provides -- the water we drink, the air we breathe and the soil that provides growth for our food sources. A single day of recognition for all that the earth provides just isn’t enough22 Apr 2019 08:00:00https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/inds.entry.html/2019/04/19/ai_coming_to_a_publ-KKp6.htmlYears ago, public safety communications began a long journey toward greater interoperability and more dependable network performance using analog technologies. It has since embarked on a cycle of seemingly continuous iteration beginning with the adop19 Apr 2019 05:41:04https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/tech/rfmw.entry.html/2019/04/18/how_to_perform_multi-feO8.htmlIn an earlier post, “How to Generate Multi-Channel Phase-Stable and Phase-Coherent Signals”, I discussed a test system capable of providing multiple signals and a constant phase relationship between the signals for testing multi-antenna systems. Howe19 Apr 2019 01:52:41https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/tech/sim-des.entry.html/2019/04/18/em_simulation_techno-cUW6.htmlHigh frequency system design is hard. If you’ve ever tried it, you know what I’m talking about. High frequency systems are complex, and they are becoming more and more common. This means your challenging design job just got even tougher. Perhaps one 18 Apr 2019 07:38:31https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/inds.entry.html/2019/04/18/5g_for_a_better_plan-bzcK.htmlEnhanced mobile broadband is imminent. 5G mobile network deployments have started and will increase significantly in 2019 and 2020. The industry places a lot of emphasis on this 5G use case. But the impact of 5G goes much further. 5G capabilities in 18 Apr 2019 05:35:28https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/inds.entry.html/2019/04/15/electronic_productc-rKFR.htmlThe availability and circulation of counterfeit electronic products is on the rise. In a recent blog post, “6 Tips to Avoid a Costly Counterfeit Mistake”, I shared steps you can take to avoid this menace. Since then, I've seen a flurry of reports abo16 Apr 2019 05:41:24https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/inds.entry.html/2019/04/15/changing_the_worldw-nnie.htmlIt’s been easy enough for most of us to ignore all the talk about needing to create a sustainable world over the years, especially if we weren’t directly impacted by things like lack of access to clean water and energy. But times are changing. In our16 Apr 2019 03:35:03https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/tech/rfmw.entry.html/2019/04/10/how_to_generate_mult-tLFC.htmlTesting multi-antenna systems, such as spatial diversity, Multi-input Multi-output (MIMO), and beamforming, requires a test system capable of providing multiple signals and a constant phase relationship between the signals. In an earlier post, “What 11 Apr 2019 03:47:44https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/inds.entry.html/2019/04/10/is_iot_heating_upth-ma5h.htmlThe Internet of Things (IoT) is transforming the way we live, communicate, work, and play. You are always connected — at home through a wireless home entertainment system, or in a production facility through connected machinery. The number of IoT dev11 Apr 2019 01:30:21https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/inds.entry.html/2019/04/08/how_data_centersimp-x7Df.htmlNow, more than ever, many of us are conscious of the impact we have on the environment. We try to minimize that impact by recycling, composting, and buying environmentally friendly products. But would you give up certain luxuries, such as your depend09 Apr 2019 12:17:30https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/inds.entry.html/2019/04/05/ddr_memory_is_everyw-p0U8.htmlDDR memory is everywhere — not just in servers, workstations, and desktops, but also embedded in consumer electronics, automobiles, and other system designs. The DDR standard provides fast access to data stored in memory in a multitude of consumer de05 Apr 2019 11:17:32https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/inds.entry.html/2019/04/05/5g_base_station_manu-jnkG.html5G is disrupting the entire wireless lifecycle, from research and development (R&D) to the field. It represents a significant increase in complexity due in part to massive multiple input multiple output (MIMO), millimeter-wave (mmWave) frequencies, a05 Apr 2019 06:49:59https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/tech/rfmw.entry.html/2019/04/04/expand_your_spectrum-2myT.htmlIntroduction When you are working on your design at the component level, you need to understand how each component will behave when used in its final design. For example, in most transceivers, there are amplifiers to boost LO power to a mixer and the04 Apr 2019 06:30:00https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/inds.entry.html/2019/04/03/ensuring_5g_new_radi-Sexp.htmlSpectrum is a key enabler for 5G New Radio (NR) data throughput and capacity gains. However, it’s not as simple as just adding new operating bands.  Operating bands at different frequencies can experience interference issues, especially in the mid- a03 Apr 2019 04:59:44https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/tech/rfmw.entry.html/2019/04/02/two-port_vs_one-por-pKYE.htmlVerifying and troubleshooting electrical performance of RF and microwave transmission systems and antennas starts with accurate cable and antenna measurements.  Installation, operation, and maintenance of communications systems cause wear and tear on02 Apr 2019 06:02:39https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/inds.entry.html/2019/04/02/dancing_in_the_dark-Kllm.htmlSolar energy is a viable solution for off-grid communities as photovoltaic technology becomes more affordable and accessible. The future looks bright, backed by global government initiatives for more sustainable power sources and innovations that mak02 Apr 2019 09:50:08https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/inds.entry.html/2019/04/01/three_ways_a_testops-u7BI.htmlHow many circuit boards do you have laying around? As I look around at our office of electrical engineers, I see lots of circuit boards and test equipment. I wonder how many of our electronics go to e-waste? In 2016, humans created an estimated 44.7 01 Apr 2019 06:53:13https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/inds.entry.html/2019/04/01/keysight_connectedk-IkzW.htmlWritten by Amelia Williams, Keysight Safe Ocean Development Team Unlike winning the lottery, disasters are a common occurrence in life. It’s not a matter of if they will happen, but when, especially when it comes to the ocean. Who hasn’t heard a scar01 Apr 2019 07:00:00https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/inds.entry.html/2019/03/29/5g_mobile_networkte-KaEW.htmlWireless networks have evolved drastically over the past two decades. 5G greatly elevates network complexity with massive multiple input multiple output (mMIMO), millimeter-wave (mmWave) frequencies and beamforming, and a flexible air interface. Perf29 Mar 2019 07:07:52https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/inds.entry.html/2019/03/29/digital_modulationh-0v4K.html“Do more with less.” This mantra has become very popular with the trend toward minimalist lifestyles. Quite a few years ago, however, communications systems already were living by a “do more with less” mantra when it came to spectrum. Digital modulat29 Mar 2019 03:58:09https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/tech/rfmw.entry.html/2019/03/25/what_timing_synchron-z7eU.htmlIn a rock band, the drummer keeps the beat steady and the other musicians follow the rhythm. The drummer keeps the entire band in sync. The same concept is true when you integrate multiple instruments into a test system. Synchronizing individual inst26 Mar 2019 01:54:54https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/inds.entry.html/2019/03/25/three_universitiest-Mf9h.htmlThe Tucson edition of the annual conference for the Electrical and Computer Engineering Department Heads Association (ECEDHA) is well underway, and it is living up to its advance billing. There is a lot of activity, and one of the highlights was the 25 Mar 2019 02:48:31https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/inds.entry.html/2019/03/22/ecedha_2019_-_additi-K18L.htmlThe Electrical and Computer Engineering Department Heads Association (ECEDHA) 2019 Conference and ECExpo starts today, and it is going to be a remarkable event. In addition to the typical keynote addresses and breakout sessions, this year’s event inc22 Mar 2019 05:17:02https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/inds.entry.html/2019/03/20/lte_and_wlan_connect-LqO9.htmlCellular and consumer networking technologies evolved from past military developments. Yet the fast pace of consumer technology development did not need to prioritize key facets demanded by military and public safety, such as ruggedization and securi20 Mar 2019 03:27:14https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/inds.entry.html/2019/03/18/looking_forward_toe-iA0b.htmlThe Electrical and Computer Engineering Department Heads Association (ECEDHA) 2019 Conference and ECExpo starts on Friday, and given the “bomb cyclone” of cold, snow, and wind that we recently experienced in Colorado, a trip to Tucson sounds very app19 Mar 2019 03:44:07https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/inds.entry.html/2019/03/18/5g_access_comingup-Hhf0.htmlWork hard, play hard. That’s the mantra I lived by in college. Times have changed since then. I’m now working hard to attend soccer games, drive around town for playdates, and enjoy a barbecue with friends on the weekends. Yet I can’t help but think 19 Mar 2019 02:53:32https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/keys/kcsr.entry.html/2019/03/15/want_to_change_thew-nRub.htmlTechnology has been transforming our world for millennia, from the invention of the wheel around 3,500 B.C., through Archimedes’ screw and the steam engine, to the Internet. These and other innovations have delivered huge benefits to our societies in15 Mar 2019 09:50:38https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/inds.entry.html/2019/03/14/pcie_5_0_will_double-6XVE.htmlWith the expectation of billions of internet-connected devices and data-intensive real-time applications, 100 gigabit Ethernet (GE) speeds that are common in data centers today will not be fast enough. As a result, data center operators need to migra14 Mar 2019 06:46:53https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/keys/kcsr.entry.html/2019/03/14/using_introduce_agi-cgct.htmlI often talk about the need for technology corporations to support educational engagements in science, technology, engineering and math (STEM) starting in the primary school years and throughout college and post-graduate education. Such support helps14 Mar 2019 06:20:10https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/tech.entry.html/2019/03/10/ber_is_it_bit_erro-PlIE.htmlOne of the most important ways to determine the quality of a digital transmission system is to measure its Bit Error Ratio (BER). The BER is calculated by comparing the transmitted sequence of bits to the received bits and counting the number of erro10 Mar 2019 11:02:08https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/tech/rfmw.entry.html/2019/03/08/network_analyzerbas-A6w8.htmlWhat is a Network Analyzer? Vector network analyzers are crucial for the characterization of the devices and components used in radio frequency and microwave systems. This includes network testing for wifi, computer networks, cell phone coverage, and08 Mar 2019 10:31:49https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/keys/kcsr.entry.html/2019/03/07/acting_now_to_suppor-haAY.htmlToday is International Women's Day, a time to celebrate the achievements of women around the world. As such, I congratulate my fellow women, including Keysight colleagues, for their far-reaching positive impacts both in industry and their respective 08 Mar 2019 04:20:48https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/tech/bench.entry.html/2019/03/05/clock_quality_andan-pP3X.htmlOscilloscopes have started to become a viable option for measuring phase noise. This post was written by guest author Yang Zou, Keysight's IoT solutions lead In modern high-speed digital design, the clock signal is the ultimate source of system timin05 Mar 2019 07:30:18https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/inds.entry.html/2019/03/04/why_millennials_and-4Zm2.htmlLiving in the world’s most expensive city1 makes one re-prioritize our needs and wants when it comes to one of the essentials of life – a car. Well, that was what a straw poll among the millennials and Gen Z in Singapore seemed to indicate.  A recent05 Mar 2019 05:23:50https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/keys/kcsr.entry.html/2019/03/04/why_5g_matters_fora-FXqV.htmlAs my colleague Jessy Cavazos recently reported from Mobile World Congress in Barcelona, the 5G future is close enough to touch. The first 5G network deployments will take place this year, and the technology will soon be in the hands of consumers as 04 Mar 2019 06:44:37https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/inds.entry.html/2019/02/28/6_tips_to_avoid_aco-NpVa.htmlMany of us find it difficult to resist the temptation to purchase consumer products on sale at a significant discount even if we don’t need them. We enjoy the satisfaction of getting a great deal even if the consumer gadget or new addition to our war01 Mar 2019 07:26:24https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/inds.entry.html/2019/02/28/neophotonics_acceler-4J9c.htmlIn the past, coherent optical technology was primarily used for the superfast data highways in telecom networks. High-quality fiber is expensive. However, considering the cost-per-bit of transport for long-distance transmission, coherent optical tech01 Mar 2019 02:20:04https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/tech/rfmw.entry.html/2019/02/28/simplify_receiverch-DXCn.htmlNoise is an unwanted signal that affects both transmitter and receiver performance in communications systems. It degrades both the modulation quality of a transmitter and the sensitivity of a receiver. As an R&D engineer, your goal is to eliminate as01 Mar 2019 12:00:00https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/inds.entry.html/2019/02/28/taking_public-safety-68vC.htmlLand-mobile-radio (LMR) systems have been the backbone of most public-safety networks for more than a decade. Unfortunately, catastrophic events have revealed flaws in such critical communications systems—especially a lack of interoperability between28 Feb 2019 07:02:27https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/inds.entry.html/2019/02/28/staying_relevantm-FKYG.htmlWhen I was a kid, it was a big deal, in fact, a thrill, when my mom would allow me to check the engine oil in her little Mini Minor. Any sign of the engine oil level running low or the dipstick showing clumpy black coagulants meant a trip to the mech28 Feb 2019 05:01:29https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/inds.entry.html/2019/02/27/mwc_2019_what_does-EKtG.htmlAbout a year ago, I was in Barcelona, Spain, at Mobile World Congress (MWC) on a quest to find out where the industry stood with 5G and hoping to check out the city’s most famous architectural work by Mr. Gaudí while I was there. His imagination has 27 Feb 2019 11:55:15https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/keys/kcsr.entry.html/2019/02/19/cto_and_svp_corporat-taBC.htmlEvery now and then, I catch Jay Alexander, Keysight’s Chief Technology Officer, in the hallway of our headquarters office and we stop to talk about recent company events. Jay and I have known each other for 17 years, including many years when we both26 Feb 2019 05:29:01https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/inds.entry.html/2019/02/25/3_paths_to_bettercr-XWKQ.htmlTo understand how emergency-responder and military communications (MilCom) are advancing, don’t be tempted to compare them with the quicker evolution of consumer technologies like fifth-generation (5G) cellular. Investment and funding in critical com25 Feb 2019 10:03:00https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/tech/rfmw.entry.html/2019/02/22/make_fast_and_accura-Gt6c.htmlWhether you are designing a new communications device or verifying its performance, you will need to make power measurements. Measuring the power of digitally modulated signals helps you maximize the capacity of a system and improve the quality of co25 Feb 2019 04:00:00https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/inds.entry.html/2019/02/22/a_blueprint_to_5gne-9Bp4.htmlAs 5G accelerates to commercialization, how do designers know the requirements for device and base station designs?  Chipsets and devices will operate at higher frequencies with wider transmission bandwidths.  Devices and base stations will use new a22 Feb 2019 09:53:50https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/inds.entry.html/2019/02/22/5g_leaps_from_chipse-YV7W.htmlWhile Mobile World Congress (MWC) 2018 was all about chipset demonstrations, this year’s conference is set to demonstrate the rapid evolution of 5G with a focus on devices, especially that of the highly awaited smartphone. In the context of 5G, scala22 Feb 2019 08:44:53https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/tech/rfmw.entry.html/2019/02/21/real-time_and_arbitr-eE13.htmlWhen you download baseband waveform files to an RF vector signal generator (VSG), a question comes to mind. Does the VSG have enough memory available for my waveform files? Sometimes, you configure signal parameters on a VSG, but cannot find a button22 Feb 2019 04:26:19https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/tech/bench.entry.html/2019/01/24/how_to_achieve_accur-FXF8.htmlSensors have varying accuracies depending on materials, fabrication method, how they are used, and more. A thermocouple sensor uses a pair of two dissimilar metals that are joined together at one end to create differential electro-motive force (EMF) 21 Feb 2019 11:00:00https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/inds.entry.html/2019/02/20/what_does_popcornha-qJ7N.htmlMassive data flow from emerging technologies such as 5G and IoT is driving explosive traffic growth, creating unprecedented demand for bandwidth everywhere in the network and data center. In fact, IDC predicts that the global datasphere will grow fro20 Feb 2019 10:15:35https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/keys/kcsr.entry.html/2019/02/15/keeping_the_wheelst-8cXk.htmlSometimes it seems that the more things change, the more they stay the same. In the earliest days of the auto industry, electric vehicles (EVs) were very popular as a clean and quiet alternative to dirty, hard-to-operate gasoline and steam cars. In 116 Feb 2019 01:38:41https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/inds.entry.html/2019/02/15/pam4_and_how_forward-J4g1.htmlForward Error Correction [1] is becoming ubiquitous in the data-center. Not only in 400G links, where SNR requirements to achieve error-free transmission using  PAM4 modulation cannot be met anymore,  but also for 100G links, where so-called multi-so15 Feb 2019 04:26:56https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/inds.entry.html/2019/02/15/mwc_2019_-_5g_innova-Kf3p.htmlMobile World Congress (MWC) is around the corner (Feb 25-28, 2019). Once again, more than 100,000 people from across the communications ecosystem will walk the halls of the Fira Gran Via convention center located in the heart of Barcelona. Under the 15 Feb 2019 03:28:25https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/tech/rfmw.entry.html/2019/02/14/quantify_your_digita-BnY0.htmlIn consumer wireless, military communications, or radar, you face a continual bandwidth crunch in a spectrum that is filled with interference. So, testing your devices via signal simulation is critical. With channel capacity increasing and the comple15 Feb 2019 02:50:07https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/tech/bench.entry.html/2019/01/22/troubleshoot_a_senso-ZVNb.htmlThere are many types of sensors on the market – flow sensors, temperature sensors, pressure sensors, humidity sensors, accelerometer sensors, proximity sensors, and more. Most sensors generally provide electrical output signals as feedback to a displ14 Feb 2019 11:00:00https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/tech/rfmw.entry.html/2019/02/05/three_tricks_formea-VHoH.htmlFinding and measuring low-level signals can be an elusive and frustrating task. Low-level signals love to hang out where we can’t see them, like in the noise or the skirts of higher power signals. These signals could be interfering with your transmit05 Feb 2019 11:30:00https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/inds.entry.html/2019/01/31/faster_networkingsp-1XO8.htmlMassive data flow from 5G, artificial intelligence (AI), virtual reality (VR), Internet of Things (IoT), and autonomous vehicles is driving explosive traffic growth, creating unprecedented demand for bandwidth everywhere in the network and data cente01 Feb 2019 02:02:35https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/tech/bench.entry.html/2019/01/02/sensor_types_andthe-xtgx.htmlSensors make the world go round. They are inside all the electronic devices we use at home, at work, in our cars, and practically everywhere else. Today, we cannot imagine living without our devices, and those devices are enabled by sensors. We live 24 Jan 2019 11:00:00https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/tech/bench.entry.html/2018/12/05/waveform_modulation-CI5Q.htmlBasic function generators generally can generate basic periodic waveforms such as sine wave, square wave, triangle wave, ramp wave, pulse wave and so on. Modern function generators nowadays have a very important feature called modulation. With the ad18 Jan 2019 04:41:00https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/tech/bench.entry.html/2019/01/03/how_to_reduce_daqme-xZ8x.htmlA data acquisition (DAQ) system is normally used to automate the characterization, monitoring, and control of your test process. DAQ systems have come a long way with years of improvements. For example, DAQ systems can measure multiple types of signa17 Jan 2019 11:00:00https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/tech/rfmw.entry.html/2019/01/04/download_i_q_wavefor-9Mn3.htmlRF vector signal generators (VSG) use dual arbitrary waveform generators (AWG) to generate baseband I (in-phase) and Q (quadrature) waveform signals. Dual AWGs control the playback sequence of waveform segments that reside in the memory in the intern15 Jan 2019 03:00:00https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/tech/bench.entry.html/2019/01/12/wave_2019_overview-HU1Q.htmlIt's finally here! Wave 2019 is happening now. Wondering what it's all about? This online event for engineers features massive giveaways and tips & tricks designed to make you an engineering legend. Enter now for a free early entry, and tune in March14 Jan 2019 10:20:20https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/tech/bench.entry.html/2019/01/10/what_are_digits_acc-lInJ.htmlSince the advent of digital multimeters (DMM), all the measurement displays have digits. It is always a prominent part of the digital multimeter’s specification. It is often displayed on the front panel of a handheld or a benchtop multimeter. Figure 10 Jan 2019 11:00:00https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/inds.entry.html/2019/01/10/5_tips_to_reducedat-8pD3.htmlThe cost of optical transceivers is a major concern for data center operators as they migrate their networks from 100GE to 400GE. To be competitive, transceiver manufacturers must find ways to drive down production costs. Like most new technologies, 10 Jan 2019 08:46:27https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/tech/rfmw.entry.html/2018/12/25/understanding_baseba-3mW2.htmlYou must have played music on your computer. A media player can play a different type of digital audio format like Waveform Audio File (WAV) and MPEG Audio III (MP3), and a sound card uses a digital-to-analog converter (DAC) which converts the digita09 Jan 2019 03:00:00https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/tech/bench.entry.html/2019/01/08/new_1000_x-seriesos-9bd6.htmlToday is a very exciting day! Not only are we announcing two new 1000 X-Series oscilloscopes, but I am also happy to say that Wave is back for 2019. We will be giving away some of the new oscilloscopes (along with other bench test gear) during the Wa08 Jan 2019 05:00:00https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/keys/kcsr.entry.html/2018/12/19/keysight_vendor_rela-DmUR.htmlKeysight partners with suppliers and vendors that have values aligned to our own. Sometimes we are even able to leverage those partnerships for the greater good. One example was recently noted by Hamish Gray in a  blog post about Keysight and Salesfo08 Jan 2019 12:06:58https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/tech/bench.entry.html/2019/01/03/check_out_the_newbe-fANC.htmlThe new BenchVue DAQ application software is packed with new features and is fully capable of replacing the old BenchLink Datalogger software. The BenchVue platform is designed to easily detect and connect to one or multiple DAQ systems or together w03 Jan 2019 11:00:00https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/tech/rfmw.entry.html/2019/01/02/optimize_wide_bandwi-5YIA.htmlWhen you use a signal generator to output a continuous wave (CW), the signal generator confirms its output amplitude accuracy at the RF output port. Even when the temperature increases with time, the signal generator has an automatic leveling control02 Jan 2019 03:00:00https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/tech/bench.entry.html/2018/12/05/how_to_time_synchron-Rsrh.htmlMost basic bench function generators have only one or two output channels. In some cases, you may need more than two channels. Due to this need, many test engineers are forced to buy very expensive multichannel waveform generators. In this blog, we w21 Dec 2018 08:08:00https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/inds.entry.html/2018/12/18/top_measurement_chal-R4Fq.html5G New Radio (NR) has very aggressive goals to meet the IMT-2020 vision. 5G NR engineers are pushing their designs into new operating bands at higher frequencies with wider channel bandwidths.  The air interface will need to have more flexibility tha18 Dec 2018 09:51:12https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/tech/rfmw.entry.html/2018/12/18/how_to_overcome_powe-zPTh.htmlWritten by Tit Bin Teo, Technical Engineering Manager Long cables and switches cause signal attenuation through cable loss. We introduced flatness correction which compensates for signal attenuation in an earlier blog post "What Is Flatness Correctio18 Dec 2018 04:00:00https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/tech/rfmw.entry.html/2018/12/14/what_is_flatnesscor-nvV2.htmlWritten by Tit Bin Teo, Technical Engineering Manager What is Flatness Correction? You are probably all too familiar with issues caused by long connections. The longer the cable, the higher the loss. For power supplies, we have remote sensing to comp14 Dec 2018 05:11:02https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/tech/bench.entry.html/2018/12/13/how_to_make_a_dcpow-TG30.htmlDigital multimeters (DMMs) are incredibly versatile for almost all forms of voltage, current, and resistance measurements. Using simple math, you can measure power in watts too. While many dedicated instruments have been introduced in the past few ye14 Dec 2018 01:59:00https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/tech/bench.entry.html/2018/10/30/tips_on_using_freque-b8GP.htmlIn order to test and verify your simple audio microphone, amplifier, filter, or any other components where the output can vary based on the input, you must be able to perform a frequency sweep. Inputting signals of different frequencies will ensure y12 Dec 2018 11:00:00https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/inds.entry.html/2018/12/10/connected_cars_pose-tBcO.htmlConnected Cars Show Potential, But Technology Must Evolve to Address Safety Concerns.   It all started with Siri in 2010. Then came Alexa, Bixby, Cortana, Lyra, and Robin. These, and a host of other ever-obliging digital butlers were the face of smar11 Dec 2018 07:56:05https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/tech/rfmw.entry.html/2018/12/10/accuracy_vs_precisi-dm93.htmlWritten by Tit Bin Teo, Technical Engineering Manager In manufacturing, how confident are you that the RF receiver that passed your test meets all specifications? Are you wasting money by over rejecting perfectly good units? Do you know you can easil10 Dec 2018 10:35:35https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/tech/bench.entry.html/2018/12/04/how_to_make_accurate-H6nt.htmlDigital multimeter (DMM) offers an autocalibration function, but it is not found in all DMMs. Autocalibration refers to the ability of a device or system to automatically calibrate itself. Most DMMs are calibrated in a temperature-controlled environm07 Dec 2018 01:08:00https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/inds.entry.html/2018/11/29/we_are_on_the_roadt-R4cY.htmlImagine a situation where vehicles are able to communicate with each other to identify issues before the driver is even aware there is a potential problem. This is the concept known as V2X (or Vehicle to everything). With the advent of 5G and the pro06 Dec 2018 09:02:31https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/inds.entry.html/2018/11/29/where_does_iot_and5-wJY5.htmlThe Internet of Things has less to do with 5G than most people think, at least initially. The vast proliferation of devices by 2020; in some estimates 50 Billion devices, will not wait on the rollout of 5G for that to be realised. The majority of tho06 Dec 2018 09:00:29https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/inds.entry.html/2018/11/29/will_5g_actuallydel-rCaF.htmlWith the advent of technological improvements, then yes it will be possible to provide levels of access to the ‘fast lane’ for more users than previously possible. This will be enabled by more flexible networks delivering new types of services to sup06 Dec 2018 08:58:16https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/keys/kcsr.entry.html/2018/12/05/driving_innovationt-flf6.htmlInnovation is critical to the success of any company, where growth and new market opportunities are driven by industry-first technological advancements. However, innovation can also be applied much more broadly in the corporate context. According to 05 Dec 2018 07:50:46https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/tech/rfmw.entry.html/2018/11/29/essential_steps_tog-ktGg.htmlIf you are an audiophile, you get high-Res audio music to test the performance of your sound system. Of course, you need to have sharp ears first. Before doing that, you need to know the characteristics of the music. Otherwise, loud sound can cause t29 Nov 2018 02:20:14https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/inds.entry.html/2018/11/28/what_is_driving_the-oKEj.htmlKeysight recently released the results of our 5G Survey that asked mobile operators and wireless equipment manufacturers about their 5G development and deployment plans. One interesting category of responses to the questions showed that respondents w29 Nov 2018 12:24:15https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/inds.entry.html/2018/11/21/great_free_tool_tob-dp8s.htmlA key challenge for many electrical and computer engineering (ECE) students is mastering calculus. This is critically important in nearly every area of engineering and science, and it can be either a useful tool or a barrier to progress, depending on28 Nov 2018 05:15:54https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/keys/kcsr.entry.html/2018/11/27/sparking_the_interes-kxlK.htmlThe U.S. Department of Commerce calculated that science, technology, engineering and math (STEM) occupations grew at a rate of 24.4%, while other occupations grew at a rate of 4.0% over the last decade. Yet according to a Pew Research article, United27 Nov 2018 06:45:18https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/inds.entry.html/2018/11/27/silicon_photonicst-2IFl.htmlPhotonic integrated circuit (PIC) and silicon photonics technologies are being used to manufacture devices for optical communications at higher volumes with lower costs, energy consumption, and size. This is now especially driven by the rapidly incre27 Nov 2018 04:37:17https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/inds.entry.html/2018/11/23/6_key_trends_driving-iHYc.htmlEver increasing demands for a connected world with instant data access continues to drive data center innovation. Data center operators need to embrace new technologies to support the response times and high bandwidth that fifth-generation wireless (24 Nov 2018 12:00:01https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/tech/rfmw.entry.html/2018/11/21/common_signal_source-8wh8.htmlWritten by Tit Bin Teo, Technical Engineering Manager What is the Difference between an RF Signal Generator, a Function Generator, an Arbitrary Waveform Generator, and Pulse Generator? Signal sources are an important component in many test systems an21 Nov 2018 08:48:15https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/inds.entry.html/2018/11/19/the_what_when_wher-A3CH.htmlThe most common Q&A topics at our events are about over-the-air testing, commonly referred to as OTA.  There are big changes ahead for 5G NR, and successful OTA testing will be a critical requirement for 5G NR base stations (gNBs) and user equipment 19 Nov 2018 07:29:58https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/tech/rfmw.entry.html/2018/11/14/2_tips_for_extending-zbjG.htmlRF signal generators are used for testing RF components, receivers, transmitters, and systems. A broad output power range is required for a wide variety of applications. In this post, you will learn what impact your measurement amplitude accuracy whi16 Nov 2018 05:29:46https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/tech/bench.entry.html/2018/11/01/how_to_maintain_and-k4CW.htmlSwitches are a key part of a data acquisition (DAQ) system. A typical DAQ measures multiple channels and uses switches to connect multiple transducers to a single measuring device. It also uses switches to route power to electrical devices, or for si14 Nov 2018 11:00:00https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/inds.entry.html/2018/11/14/terabit_communicatio-vU0B.htmlResearch is underway to increase the data throughput for existing optical fiber long haul communication to 400Gbps, 1 Tbps and beyond. There are three parameters available to maximize the data rate:  the symbol rate, the number of carriers and the co14 Nov 2018 01:26:50https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/tech/rfmw.entry.html/2018/10/31/making_sense_of_rfo-K7NR.htmlIn RF testing, the output power level of signal generators is an important factor as they need to maintain spectral purity and level accuracy. The automatic leveling control (ALC) and various combinations of attenuators determine the power range of s13 Nov 2018 01:28:38https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/tech/bench.entry.html/2018/11/08/how_to_phase_synchro-NW4U.htmlWhen you hear the word “synchronize,” you might think of synchronized swimming. Or, perhaps, synchronizing your watches to the official US time from the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). Well, we are talking about the same thing 08 Nov 2018 11:00:00https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/keys/kcsr.entry.html/2018/11/01/planting_seeds_that-CXkP.htmlWhen the Tubbs fire broke out in Northern California in the fall of 2017, Keysight Technologies knew full well that the immediate concerns of its +1500 local employees and the community centered on basics such safety and access to food, water and she07 Nov 2018 04:05:35https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/tech/bench.entry.html/2018/11/06/making_multiple_type-iAAC.htmlWhat does it mean by multiple type signal measurements in the data acquisition (DAQ) system world? It means that you can measure various electrical signals such as voltage, current, resistance, voltage frequency/period and physical-to-electrical tran06 Nov 2018 11:00:00https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/inds.entry.html/2018/10/31/understanding_5gnew-iYIV.htmlA new concept in 5G New Radio (NR) is a feature known as bandwidth parts (BWPs).  BWP enable more flexibility in how resources are assigned in a given carrier.   Bandwidth parts are really about providing flexibility so that multiple, different signa31 Oct 2018 11:08:44https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/tech/bench.entry.html/2018/10/28/how_to_transitionto-d1ko.htmlThe next generation DAQ970A is here! You will want to transition to this new DAQ – here’s what you need to know! You can sample more signals, faster, with the new DAQ970A: Up to 2X improvement in scan rate speed (up to 450 channels/sec) Up to 10X imp31 Oct 2018 11:00:00https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/tech/rfmw.entry.html/2018/10/30/introduction_to_the-nGk5.htmlWritten by Tit Bin Teo, Technical Engineering Manager What is a Signal Generator? November 1940 News Flash. Disney releases Fantasia with “Fantasound”, a new audio stereophonic sound system. The HP 200B audio oscillator, one of the earliest applicati31 Oct 2018 03:49:19https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/inds.entry.html/2018/10/29/keeping_the_pulseon-KWyn.htmlAt the heart of every data center is the transceiver. Large hyperscale data centers have more than 50,000 optical fibers in them. With a transceiver at each end of the fiber, these data centers house upwards of 100,000 transceivers. Once deployed in 29 Oct 2018 11:50:32https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/tech/bench.entry.html/2018/10/25/how_to_couple_thefr-pihI.htmlIn electronics design and testing, you sometimes want to have two synchronized clock signals that are related by a frequency ratio; one clock needs to maintain a certain frequency ratio with the other clock. Or perhaps, you want to simulate an amplif26 Oct 2018 03:25:56https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/inds.entry.html/2018/10/22/everything_you_need-yvoB.htmlNew data centers are being built across the globe, while today’s CPUs and RAM ensure latencies so low that it is no problem to map immense amounts of data spread over several servers within a fraction of a second. The most critical question, is wheth23 Oct 2018 08:06:47https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/keys/kcsr.entry.html/2018/10/22/what_mobile_gamesan-xuJO.htmlI am one of those people that can’t wait idly. Whether I'm waiting for a flight at the airport, in line at the grocery store, or sitting in the stands before a sporting event starts, I must be doing something. If there isn’t someone readily nearby to22 Oct 2018 05:05:22https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/inds.entry.html/2018/10/19/ready_set_-_is_5gr-RjXs.htmlThe race is on to be first to 5G.  AT&T and Verizon have announced that they will have first commercialization of 5G mmWave products and networks this year. Verizon announced a pre-standard service on Oct 1st and plan a 5G NR compliant service in 20119 Oct 2018 03:36:14https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/inds.entry.html/2018/10/18/accelerating_develop-yeC7.htmlThe connected car evolution continues to speed up: 64 million shipments are predicted in 2019, up from 33 million in 2017. In 2020, it’s predicted that 98% of all new cars will offer Internet and car-to-car connectivity via cellular and wireless broa19 Oct 2018 01:33:34https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/tech/bench.entry.html/2018/10/18/when_to_use_ac_coupl-X0K7.htmlI’ve heard this comment before, and it’s dead wrong: “You should use AC coupling when looking at an AC signal.” Following this false AC coupling adage is an easy way to make some very wrong measurements. When should you use AC coupling? The Reason fo18 Oct 2018 10:06:31https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/inds.entry.html/2018/10/18/protecting_the_conne-wwiU.htmlDuring recent lunchtime banter with co-workers, the subject of when Grand Theft Auto (GTA) 6 would be online veered towards a more serious angle – the rise of keyless car thefts and the possibility of a carjacking in the near future.  Modern car thie18 Oct 2018 05:18:30https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/inds.entry.html/2018/10/17/5_tips_to_reduceris-HJr4.htmlThe use of connected medical devices or medical equipment in hospitals has increased with the expansion of wireless technologies and advancement in medical device designs. As a result, the number of connected devices in a large hospital or a healthca18 Oct 2018 06:39:18https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/inds.entry.html/2018/10/15/pam4_and_fec_pushth-D1Vz.htmlThe Shannon-Hartley theorem states that there is a theoretical maximum amount of error-free data that can be delivered over a specified channel bandwidth in the presence of noise. By increasing either the channel bandwidth or the number of signal lev16 Oct 2018 12:55:17https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/keys/kcsr.entry.html/2018/10/09/beyond_business_how-Dlyv.htmlAs we recognize the one-year anniversary of the Tubbs wildfire that directly impacted Keysight headquarters, 1,500 of our local employees and the Sonoma County community, I am reminded of the days directly following that fire and how far we’ve come s10 Oct 2018 03:49:50https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/inds.entry.html/2018/10/08/how_do_you_defineth-Vb77.htmlHere’s a question for you: How do you define mission-critical in the Internet of Things (IoT)? Some might say that a mission-critical IoT device or application is one with the potential to impact life or death. A power plant, water infrastructure, re08 Oct 2018 12:00:00https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/tech/rfmw.entry.html/2018/10/05/tips_for_advancedne-aA0O.htmlIt requires much more than just S-parameters to completely characterize an active RF device. Complex tests must be set up to find compression, intermodulation distortion (IMD), spurs, and more. Traditionally, multi-instrument RF test systems are crea05 Oct 2018 10:06:01https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/inds.entry.html/2018/10/05/400zr_optical_cohe-slRs.htmlOptical coherent transmission technology, initially used in long-haul transmission, is evolving into metro networks and expanding to data center interconnects. Significantly faster data transmission rates and higher levels of spectral efficiency can 05 Oct 2018 09:27:34https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/tech/rfmw.entry.html/2018/10/05/keysight_p937xa_usb-BYjM.htmlYou have your workspace set up with your oscilloscope, waveform generator, and vector network analyzer. Now all you're missing is some desk space to actually do your work. What if I told you that you could get the same performance from machines half 05 Oct 2018 09:03:22https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/inds.entry.html/2018/10/05/3_tips_for_betterio-obz5.htmlI absolutely hate it when my smart phone dies prematurely. Unfortunately, it’s not the only Internet of Things (IoT) device I have to worry about these days. I also own a Fitbit and an Apple Watch. When these devices die unexpectedly, I lose my abili05 Oct 2018 12:00:00https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/inds.entry.html/2018/09/30/finding_mimo_howd-sf32.htmlMany of you will be familiar with the term ‘multiple-input, multiple-output’, or MIMO. It took root with the introduction of LTE, and evolved into higher order MIMO, then ‘full dimension’ MIMO. The latest iteration is ‘Massive MIMO’, which is often r01 Oct 2018 02:30:21https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/inds.entry.html/2018/09/25/how_connected_andsa-XI35.htmlHere’s a question for you. Is your connected home safe? I’m not talking about whether you remembered to lock your doors and turn on your security system. What I’m more interested in is if the wireless data being transmitted from one connected home de01 Oct 2018 02:00:00https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/tech/bench.entry.html/2018/09/28/measuring_the_curren-JYJl.htmlWhen designing a device, knowing the current consumed is essential for protecting the device. As the design progresses knowing the energy consumed becomes more critical for sizing batteries and power adapters. Measuring current on devices with multip28 Sep 2018 10:34:51https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/tech/bench.entry.html/2018/09/28/linear_vs_switching-V8iS.htmlLinear and switching topologies each have their own strengths and weaknesses. Some clever design work has been put into each of these topologies to mitigate their weaknesses. While additional circuitry adds costs to the products, the result is a powe28 Sep 2018 09:46:41https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/inds.entry.html/2018/09/25/hearing_aids_making-J03n.htmlHave you ever wondered how a person with hearing aids follows a conversation in a noisy restaurant? Sounds come from all directions — dishes and cutlery clank in the background, other dining customers talk and laugh at nearby tables, while friends ar28 Sep 2018 01:53:51https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/tech/bench.entry.html/2018/09/27/using_output_listso-iN6L.htmlList mode allows a power supply to act like a digital to analog converter, DAC. When using a power supply with multiple outputs the lists can be synchronized. The most common application is ramp each of the output voltages while making sure the DUT d27 Sep 2018 10:41:34https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/tech/rfmw.entry.html/2018/09/21/emc_compliance_proce-hSlw.htmlElectromagnetic compatibility (EMC) is the branch of electronics that concerns the unintentional generation, propagation, and reception of electromagnetic energy.  The formal process of compliance testing ensures that unwanted effects like electromag26 Sep 2018 08:05:28https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/tech/rfmw.entry.html/2018/09/21/get_it_right_everyt-AWmX.htmlA big question that you might have is, what is the difference between Pre-Compliance and Compliance testing?  What makes Pre-Compliance important?  Pre-Compliance is a low risk, cost effective method to ensure your DUT will pass final Compliance test26 Sep 2018 08:04:47https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/tech/rfmw.entry.html/2018/09/21/complete_your_emcco-LLWh.htmlThere are two kinds of EMC Pre-Compliance tests you can perform – radiated and conducted.  Today, we will review conducted emissions testing – what it is and why it’s important.  For a similar discussion on radiated testing, check out EMC Basics:  Wh26 Sep 2018 08:04:01https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/keys.entry.html/2018/09/25/keysight_and_auntgi-DpAC.htmlMost of us have named someone or something in our lifetimes - a company project, a favorite car, a child, maybe even an imaginary friend. Whether a name just pops into our minds, demands a ton of iterations, or we look no further than Aunt Gilda, a l26 Sep 2018 02:00:52https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/keys/kcsr.entry.html/2018/09/21/the_final_straw_pi-7Pd4.htmlIt was the final straw, literally, for Keysight’s largest manufacturing site in Penang, Malaysia. The site launched a month-long campaign in August 2018 to raise awareness and encourage employees across the facility to say no to plastic straws and ot25 Sep 2018 09:03:20https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/inds.entry.html/2018/09/25/ai_5g_and_400ge_t-oWEq.htmlArtificial intelligence (AI) is a hot topic these days, but it is by no means a new topic. The concept of AI has been around since the 1950s. In 1955, the term ‘artificial intelligence' appeared in A Proposal for the Dartmouth Summer Research Project25 Sep 2018 03:38:56https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/inds.entry.html/2018/09/24/from_smart_mailboxes-AMMp.htmlWithin the last year I have been a victim, twice. The first time, a thief stole two catalytic converters off my car parked in my driveway. The second time, a thief stole a package from my mailbox. Okay, in the grand scheme of things, these probably a24 Sep 2018 01:00:00https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/inds.entry.html/2018/09/21/is_the_internet_infr-ppNn.htmlIn one way or another, most of us have experienced firsthand the effects of climate change recently – from the Santa Rosa fire that touched too close to home for Keysight, to record-breaking heat waves on the East coast that according to Bloomberg li21 Sep 2018 06:41:58https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/inds.entry.html/2018/09/19/don_t_let_interferen-up7L.htmlHere’s an important question for anyone developing an Internet of Things (IoT) device these days. How do you ensure it will work as expected in its intended environment? It may sound like a simple question, but it isn’t. Potential sources of interfer20 Sep 2018 01:09:07https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/keys.entry.html/2018/09/18/leadership_underfir-sHHc.htmlOn the eve of the first anniversary of the California Tubbs fire, I salute all the Keysight employees and their families who, having to rebuild from the ground up, never hesitated to help each other, their communities, and our company emerge from the18 Sep 2018 08:03:56https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/tech.entry.html/2018/09/17/new_oscilloscopewit-jA2T.htmlToday, Keysight Technologies announced the new UXR-Series oscilloscopes upgradable from 13 GHz of bandwidth to 110 GHz of bandwidth.  This new measurement platform with 4 integrated channels will enable testing of 5G, 802.11ay, coherent modulation an18 Sep 2018 04:00:00https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/inds.entry.html/2018/09/17/3_tips_for_successi-7Pqt.htmlThe Internet of Thing (IoT) is changing EVERYTHING. There are literally billions of IoT devices around us today, with hundreds more coming online each second. By 2020, there will be roughly 50 billion connected devices. By 2028, we won’t even need to17 Sep 2018 11:29:08https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/inds.entry.html/2018/09/16/mining_the_blockchai-BLJW.htmlIn the first two chapters of this series, we explored the core functionality of Blockchain: the ability to create and maintain a secure, distributed, trustless transaction ledger. In this chapter, we examine the work function that is fundamental to s16 Sep 2018 11:09:42https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/inds.entry.html/2018/09/14/5_myths_about_5gnew-up1q.htmlWith 5G New Radio (NR) Release 15 approved by the 3GPP (Third Generation Partnership Project) standards committee in June 2018, the race is on deliver on the IMT-2020 vision:  In enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), target peak data rate of 20 Gbps in t14 Sep 2018 09:20:49https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/keys/culture.entry.html/2018/09/11/uber_soccer_and_ke-c8cb.htmlRecently, I had to take multiple Uber rides to and from the car repair shop. I was glad about working for a company that offers flexibility in the work schedule. The environment Keysight provides had been on my mind lately as we were recently recogni12 Sep 2018 11:05:02https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/inds.entry.html/2018/09/07/transforming_healthc-cPJ4.htmlThe world’s older population is growing dramatically; 8.5% of people worldwide (617 million) are aged 65 and over, and this number is projected to jump to nearly 17% of the world’s population by 2050 (1.6 billion). In addition, global life expectancy10 Sep 2018 09:23:35https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/inds.entry.html/2018/09/07/5g_flexible_numerolo-XHto.html5G has so many promises it’s difficult to tell how they all can be achieved.  From extreme data download speeds, to self-driving automobiles, to IoT devices monitoring over many years.  One of the key enablers for these to happen is the flexible nume07 Sep 2018 09:38:22https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/inds.entry.html/2018/09/07/happy_together_solv-tyrp.htmlNo one likes working in an overcrowded environment: it’s noisy, distracting, and interferes with what you’re trying to do. The same also applies to IoT devices. Ensuring reliable wireless performance in areas where there are many smart devices, all u07 Sep 2018 05:23:23https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/inds.entry.html/2018/09/02/solar_power_savesth-08DX.htmlHigh conformance standards help extend the use of solar energy as an emergency power source Individually, we feel the effects of global warming through weather extremes. Among friends, some lost homes as wildfires razed the arid suburbs of Northern C06 Sep 2018 03:40:06https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/tech/sim-des.entry.html/2018/08/28/dual-band_5g_powera-twvb.htmlDemands for faster data speeds and more reliable services are at an all-time high. 5G is predicted to meet these demands, and much more. Progress towards 5G commercialization took another step forward this June with the 3GPP Release-15 standards, and29 Aug 2018 12:08:53https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/tech/sim-des.entry.html/2018/08/28/two_examples_of_ante-8gja.htmlThe fundamental goal in cellular and network wireless development is maximizing antenna performance while minimizing antenna size. To achieve this, the number of antenna array elements has increased along with the complexity of broadband networks. Th29 Aug 2018 12:02:50https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/tech/sim-des.entry.html/2018/08/28/5_ways_to_overcomes-h6gL.htmlEngineers continue to face major challenges when it comes to signal and power integrity in modern day high-speed systems. These often include higher device integration, lower IC supply voltages, smaller real estate on the PCB, and more. Advanced soft28 Aug 2018 11:54:07https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/inds.entry.html/2018/08/23/data_centers_on_whee-GAPx.htmlAs vehicles pack in more and more technology, such as remote diagnostics, on-board GPS, collision avoidance systems, Wi-Fi hotspots for connectivity, cameras and yes, autonomous driving systems, it’s no surprise that they are increasingly being descr23 Aug 2018 09:32:45https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/inds.entry.html/2018/08/23/testing_next_generat-sIye.htmlIn April 2017, Keysight announced the closing of the acquisition of Ixia. It was positioned as a perfect complement for testing and monitoring next generation networking technologies. As an engineer and marketer for Keysight’s data center and infrast23 Aug 2018 09:24:28https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/inds.entry.html/2018/08/23/400ge_is_revolutiona-ymjE.htmlNext generation optical transceivers are expected to use less power per gigabit, be less expensive per gigabit, and operate at four times the speed of 100GE transceivers. It is rather puzzling how 400GE transceivers will meet all these expectations. 23 Aug 2018 09:10:16https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/keys/exec.entry.html/2018/08/23/mwc_2018_reflections-YESI.htmlI just got back from the giant Mobile World Congress event in Barcelona, and the main impression I took away was that the 5G future is arriving fast, with momentum building for the first rollouts of new services and devices later this year.  The deli23 Aug 2018 09:09:01https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/inds.entry.html/2018/08/23/data_center_infrastr-COZs.htmlOne common trait of many engineers is that we are naturally curious and enjoy exercising our brains. Take math for example, I always found solving math problems on par with solving a puzzle, and might even go as far to say, ‘math is fun’. This was in23 Aug 2018 09:04:27https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/keys/exec.entry.html/2018/08/23/be_bold_and_applyda-PbvE.htmlThere are two types of business assets: tangible and intangible. Your largest set of tangible assets is a major line item in your financials: plant, property and equipment (PPE), which includes test equipment. These days, the abundant data coming fro23 Aug 2018 09:00:09https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/inds.entry.html/2018/08/23/400ge_innovationsat-8mDE.htmlEmerging technologies such as 5G, Artificial Intelligence (AI), Internet of Things (IoT), Augmented Reality(AR)/(VR) and autonomous vehicles are driving big data and traffic explosion beyond 100 Gigabit Ethernet (GE) speeds in data centers. A key the23 Aug 2018 08:57:28https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/keys/culture.entry.html/2018/08/23/why_is_keysight_agr-Z75K.htmlIt’s official: Keysight Technologies is now certified as a Great Place to Work by the leading global authority on high trust, high-performance workplace cultures. Great Places to Work® surveyed our employees, who said that they enjoy a great atmosphe23 Aug 2018 08:39:18https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/keys/exec.entry.html/2018/08/23/testing_the_heartso-wKN3.html?foo=barA good idea is never lost, as Thomas Edison said. At the turn of the 20th century, nearly 30% of all cars manufactured in the US were electric-powered, but by the 1920s they had effectively disappeared, thanks to cheap gas and mass production of conv23 Aug 2018 08:36:06https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/keys/exec.entry.html/2018/08/23/5g_roll-out_willbe-rmN1.htmlIt feels like it’s been a long time coming, but 5G is nearly here. After the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) published the first specifications in December 2017, 5G gained real momentum following its successful commercial debut at the Winte23 Aug 2018 08:33:27https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/keys/exec.entry.html/2018/08/23/test_asset_optimizat-Cjm6.htmlThe business maxim “If you can’t measure it, you can’t improve it” is also a pretty good definition of the value of test when developing new products and technologies. That’s why for many companies, test and measurement equipment is often one of the 23 Aug 2018 08:30:47https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/keys/exec.entry.html/2018/08/23/mining_the_blockchai-UOlp.htmlA couple of weeks ago, Jeff Harris wrote the first of a series of blogs on Blockchain. In this second installment, I build on his overview and explore the methods used to create a trusted distributed ledger. To develop this understanding, I am going 23 Aug 2018 08:28:01https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/keys/exec.entry.html/2018/08/23/mining_the_blockchai-jXQX.htmlCryptocurrency news roared in like a lion in 2018. As 2017 came to a close, Bitcoin shares briefly peaked over $19,000 USD. It got me to thinking, a lot. I made a mental note: I should have bought BTC a year earlier at the bargain price of $997 a coi23 Aug 2018 08:27:05https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/keys/exec.entry.html/2018/08/23/the_future_of_design-WZ6A.htmlWhen Thomas J. Watson, Jr., the former president of IBM said in a 1973 lecture that “good design is good business,” he was acknowledging the impact design had made on IBM’s fortunes during the 1950s and 60s. In those decades, Watson Jr. had overseen 23 Aug 2018 08:14:47https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/keys/exec.entry.html/2018/08/23/one_step_away_from5-fAAv.htmlOne of the challenges with introducing a revolutionary new technology is that people want to be able to use it right away. They don’t want to have to wait to enjoy its promised benefits. 5G is a good example: it’s been publicly showcased at scale, an23 Aug 2018 08:12:10https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/keys/culture.entry.html/2018/08/23/uber_knitting_andk-NB6D.htmlOccasionally, I take Uber rides and they are almost always a guarantee for fascinating conversation, allowing me insights into very different industries and topics, yet always discovering connections to the industry I work in. Just recently, I took a23 Aug 2018 08:08:35https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/keys/culture.entry.html/2018/08/23/uber_art_and_keysig-l12s.htmlOn my Uber rides, I talk to drivers who are artists supplementing their income while establishing themselves in the world of painting, drawing, sculpting or photography. Recently, I talked with an Uber driver artist about painting techniques and the 23 Aug 2018 08:04:50https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/keys/culture.entry.html/2018/08/23/uber_beer_and_keysi-6LjS.htmlOn a recent Uber ride in Colorado Springs, my driver was a retiree of Anheuser-Busch, who recently started his Uber career mostly for the social aspects of the job. With pride, he talked about the start of his career at Anheuser-Busch as a truck driv23 Aug 2018 07:48:28https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/inds.entry.html/2018/08/23/where_did_my_network-KC1M.htmlHaving a strong perimeter for protection has been a core security strategy for centuries, and it’s still the basic foundation for network security today. Enterprises traditionally focus most of their security efforts on stopping unauthorized access a23 Aug 2018 07:19:59https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/tech/bench.entry.html/2018/08/22/creating_a_different-DOLa.htmlDifferential signal advantages include better signal-to-noise ratio, fewer timing errors, and less crosstalk. These advantages make differential signals common in applications such as ADC inputs, instrumentation amplifiers, measurement sensors (like 22 Aug 2018 09:14:53https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/tech/bench.entry.html/2018/08/22/tips_for_making_true-3BW6.htmlTrue RMS responding DMMs measure the "heating" potential of an applied voltage. Power dissipated in a resistor is proportional to the square of an applied voltage, independent of the wave shape of the signal. Today’s general purpose DMMs can accurate22 Aug 2018 08:33:51https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/tech/bench.entry.html/2018/08/22/increasing_dmm_measu-jqW2.htmlThe vast majority of electronic tests involve using a digital multimeter (DMM) at one time or another. There are a variety of ways to reduce DMM measurement times to improve overall test throughput. Of course, test time improvements sometimes require22 Aug 2018 07:57:08https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/tech/bench.entry.html/2018/08/22/oscilloscope_s_frequ-IqBG.htmlHacking the specs Everyone loves a bargain. And who doesn’t love a hacked oscilloscope? Well, it would be pretty odd for an oscilloscope company to teach you how to hack your own hardware. Besides, that’s already been done (Fig. 1). So, I’m coining a22 Aug 2018 06:52:39https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/tech/bench.entry.html/2018/08/22/how_to_measure_curre-DwRn.html?foo=barAs power consumption and energy efficiency become more important, especially with battery-powered devices, it’s necessary to measure extremely low-level signals with higher sensitivity. Lowering your device’s current consumption will, in turn, lower 22 Aug 2018 04:00:43https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/keys/kcsr.entry.html/2018/08/23/helping_to_transform-qEhn.htmlIt has never been more important for businesses to consider the impact their operations have on the environment. For example, according to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 30% of total U.S. greenhouse gas emissions came from the industrial s09 Jul 2018 09:30:00https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/keys/kcsr.entry.html/2018/08/23/global_issues_arere-KE8r.htmlIt’s estimated that more of the global population own a mobile phone than a toothbrush. This simple statistic highlights the gulf between how advanced our technology has become, and the scale of the global problems that we still need to solve. The ch06 Jun 2018 09:30:00https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/keys/kcsr.entry.html/2018/08/23/gdpr_brings_a_fundam-SHqK.htmlIn recent weeks, my inbox has been filled with daily reminders of how far data privacy has come. The E.U. General Data Protection Regulation (“GDPR”) became effective May 25, and multinational corporations from Target to Twitter have been notifying t04 Jun 2018 09:30:00https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/keys/kcsr.entry.html/2018/08/23/keysight_csr_accele-c5Tt.htmlThe speed of this transformation means that we need to shape our future responsibly. At Keysight, we take that responsibility seriously. Over the past year, we have continued to use our technology to help people and organizations globally to solve pr21 May 2018 09:30:00https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/keys/kcsr.entry.html/2018/08/23/csr_csr_who_s_got-AxwU.htmlCorporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is a complex program with matrixed organizational ownership and accountabilities, making it difficult for any one function to successfully manage it. As a result, it is often bounced around between different depa04 Mar 2018 09:30:00https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/keys/kcsr.entry.html/2018/08/23/the_aha_moment_a-5EvO.htmlIn a previous post, Keysight’s Senior Vice President Corporate Services and CSR Executive Sponsor Hamish Gray discussed the six-step journey Keysight took to evolve our CSR program and to meet emerging trends. I’d like to take a deeper look at the st13 Feb 2018 09:30:00https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/keys/kcsr.entry.html/2018/08/23/a_new_model_for_corp-jQCc.htmlAs I mentioned in a recent post, Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) – also referred to as corporate citizenship or sustainability – has morphed from the right thing to do several years ago to a business imperative today. This shift is driving new 01 Feb 2018 09:30:00https://blogs.keysight.com/blogs/keys/kcsr.entry.html/2018/08/23/corporate_socialres-oy4q.htmlCorporate Social Responsibility (CSR) – also referred to as corporate citizenship or sustainability – has morphed from the right thing to do several years ago to a business imperative today, requiring detailed monitoring, reporting, and accountabilit24 Jan 2018 09:30:00